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		<id>https://dictionary.iucr.org/index.php?action=history&amp;feed=atom&amp;title=Hybrid_input-output_algorithm</id>
		<title>Hybrid input-output algorithm - Revision history</title>
		<link rel="self" type="application/atom+xml" href="https://dictionary.iucr.org/index.php?action=history&amp;feed=atom&amp;title=Hybrid_input-output_algorithm"/>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://dictionary.iucr.org/index.php?title=Hybrid_input-output_algorithm&amp;action=history"/>
		<updated>2026-07-21T14:13:45Z</updated>
		<subtitle>Revision history for this page on the wiki</subtitle>
		<generator>MediaWiki 1.30.0</generator>

	<entry>
		<id>https://dictionary.iucr.org/index.php?title=Hybrid_input-output_algorithm&amp;diff=4014&amp;oldid=prev</id>
		<title>BrianMcMahon: Style edits to align with printed edition</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://dictionary.iucr.org/index.php?title=Hybrid_input-output_algorithm&amp;diff=4014&amp;oldid=prev"/>
				<updated>2017-05-15T14:00:29Z</updated>
		
		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Style edits to align with printed edition&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;table class=&quot;diff diff-contentalign-left&quot; data-mw=&quot;interface&quot;&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-content&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-content&quot; /&gt;
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				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color:black; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;← Older revision&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color:black; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;Revision as of 14:00, 15 May 2017&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot; id=&quot;mw-diff-left-l3&quot; &gt;Line 3:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;Line 3:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;An algorithm proposed by R. Fienup in 1982. The original application of the algorithm was the phase retrieval of diffraction patterns of non-periodic objects. However, the algorithm or its components have been used several times also in crystallography.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;An algorithm proposed by R. Fienup in 1982. The original application of the algorithm was the phase retrieval of diffraction patterns of non-periodic objects. However, the algorithm or its components have been used several times also in crystallography.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;−&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Let &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;\rho^{(n)}&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt; be a trial scattering density in the &lt;del class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;&amp;lt;math&amp;gt;&lt;/del&gt;n&lt;del class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;^{&lt;/del&gt;th&lt;del class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;}&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt; &lt;/del&gt;iteration cycle. Let &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;\rho'^{(n)}&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt; be a density obtained from &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;\rho^{(n)}&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt; by Fourier-transforming &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;\rho^{(n)}&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;, replacing all Fourier amplitudes by the experimentally observed amplitudes, and applying inverse Fourier transform. Then the density &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;\rho^{(n+1)}&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt; is defined pixel-wise by the following scheme:&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Let &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;\rho^{(n)}&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt; be a trial scattering density in the &lt;ins class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;''&lt;/ins&gt;n&lt;ins class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;''&lt;/ins&gt;th iteration cycle. Let &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;\rho'^{(n)}&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt; be a density obtained from &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;\rho^{(n)}&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt; by Fourier-transforming &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;\rho^{(n)}&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;, replacing all Fourier amplitudes by the experimentally observed amplitudes, and applying inverse Fourier transform. Then the density &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;\rho^{(n+1)}&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt; is defined pixel-wise by the following scheme:&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;[[Image:CF_4.png|500px|center]]&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;[[Image:CF_4.png|500px|center]]&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>BrianMcMahon</name></author>	</entry>

	<entry>
		<id>https://dictionary.iucr.org/index.php?title=Hybrid_input-output_algorithm&amp;diff=3446&amp;oldid=prev</id>
		<title>MassimoNespolo: + cat</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://dictionary.iucr.org/index.php?title=Hybrid_input-output_algorithm&amp;diff=3446&amp;oldid=prev"/>
				<updated>2014-12-04T05:58:50Z</updated>
		
		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;+ cat&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;table class=&quot;diff diff-contentalign-left&quot; data-mw=&quot;interface&quot;&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-content&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-content&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;tr style=&quot;vertical-align: top;&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot;&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color:black; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;← Older revision&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color:black; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;Revision as of 05:58, 4 December 2014&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot; id=&quot;mw-diff-left-l8&quot; &gt;Line 8:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;Line 8:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;In crystallography, the support is usually not known &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;\textit{a~priori}&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;, and a dynamical support must be used, &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;\textit{i.e.}&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt; the support is newly defined in each iteration cycle based on a predefined criterion.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;In crystallography, the support is usually not known &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;\textit{a~priori}&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;, and a dynamical support must be used, &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;\textit{i.e.}&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt; the support is newly defined in each iteration cycle based on a predefined criterion.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;[[Category: Structure determination]]&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>MassimoNespolo</name></author>	</entry>

	<entry>
		<id>https://dictionary.iucr.org/index.php?title=Hybrid_input-output_algorithm&amp;diff=3369&amp;oldid=prev</id>
		<title>BrianMcMahon at 12:30, 19 May 2014</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://dictionary.iucr.org/index.php?title=Hybrid_input-output_algorithm&amp;diff=3369&amp;oldid=prev"/>
				<updated>2014-05-19T12:30:14Z</updated>
		
		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;table class=&quot;diff diff-contentalign-left&quot; data-mw=&quot;interface&quot;&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-content&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-content&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;tr style=&quot;vertical-align: top;&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot;&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color:black; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;← Older revision&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color:black; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;Revision as of 12:30, 19 May 2014&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot; id=&quot;mw-diff-left-l3&quot; &gt;Line 3:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;Line 3:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;An algorithm proposed by R. Fienup in 1982. The original application of the algorithm was the phase retrieval of diffraction patterns of non-periodic objects. However, the algorithm or its components have been used several times also in crystallography.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;An algorithm proposed by R. Fienup in 1982. The original application of the algorithm was the phase retrieval of diffraction patterns of non-periodic objects. However, the algorithm or its components have been used several times also in crystallography.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;−&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;del class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;Be &lt;/del&gt;&amp;lt;math&amp;gt;\rho^{(n)}&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt; a trial scattering density in &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;n^{th}&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt; iteration cycle. &lt;del class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;Be &lt;/del&gt;&amp;lt;math&amp;gt;\rho'^{(n)}&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt; a density obtained from &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;\rho^{(n)}&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt; by Fourier-transforming &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;\rho^{(n)}&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;, replacing all Fourier amplitudes by the experimentally observed amplitudes, and applying inverse Fourier transform. Then the density &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;\rho^{(n+1)}&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt; is defined pixel-wise by the following scheme:&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;Let &lt;/ins&gt;&amp;lt;math&amp;gt;\rho^{(n)}&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt; &lt;ins class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;be &lt;/ins&gt;a trial scattering density in &lt;ins class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;the &lt;/ins&gt;&amp;lt;math&amp;gt;n^{th}&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt; iteration cycle. &lt;ins class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;Let &lt;/ins&gt;&amp;lt;math&amp;gt;\rho'^{(n)}&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt; &lt;ins class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;be &lt;/ins&gt;a density obtained from &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;\rho^{(n)}&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt; by Fourier-transforming &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;\rho^{(n)}&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;, replacing all Fourier amplitudes by the experimentally observed amplitudes, and applying inverse Fourier transform. Then the density &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;\rho^{(n+1)}&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt; is defined pixel-wise by the following scheme:&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;[[Image:CF_4.png|500px|center]]&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;[[Image:CF_4.png|500px|center]]&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;−&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;In crystallography, the support is usually not known &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;\textit{a~priori}&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;, and a dynamical support must be used, &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;\textit{i.e.}&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt; the support is newly defined in each iteration cycle based on predefined criterion.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;In crystallography, the support is usually not known &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;\textit{a~priori}&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;, and a dynamical support must be used, &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;\textit{i.e.}&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt; the support is newly defined in each iteration cycle based on &lt;ins class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;a &lt;/ins&gt;predefined criterion.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>BrianMcMahon</name></author>	</entry>

	<entry>
		<id>https://dictionary.iucr.org/index.php?title=Hybrid_input-output_algorithm&amp;diff=3335&amp;oldid=prev</id>
		<title>GervaisChapuis at 14:16, 27 August 2013</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://dictionary.iucr.org/index.php?title=Hybrid_input-output_algorithm&amp;diff=3335&amp;oldid=prev"/>
				<updated>2013-08-27T14:16:24Z</updated>
		
		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;table class=&quot;diff diff-contentalign-left&quot; data-mw=&quot;interface&quot;&gt;
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				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-content&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;tr style=&quot;vertical-align: top;&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot;&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color:black; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;← Older revision&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color:black; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;Revision as of 14:16, 27 August 2013&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot; id=&quot;mw-diff-left-l5&quot; &gt;Line 5:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;Line 5:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Be &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;\rho^{(n)}&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt; a trial scattering density in &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;n^{th}&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt; iteration cycle. Be &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;\rho'^{(n)}&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt; a density obtained from &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;\rho^{(n)}&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt; by Fourier-transforming &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;\rho^{(n)}&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;, replacing all Fourier amplitudes by the experimentally observed amplitudes, and applying inverse Fourier transform. Then the density &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;\rho^{(n+1)}&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt; is defined pixel-wise by the following scheme:&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Be &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;\rho^{(n)}&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt; a trial scattering density in &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;n^{th}&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt; iteration cycle. Be &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;\rho'^{(n)}&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt; a density obtained from &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;\rho^{(n)}&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt; by Fourier-transforming &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;\rho^{(n)}&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;, replacing all Fourier amplitudes by the experimentally observed amplitudes, and applying inverse Fourier transform. Then the density &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;\rho^{(n+1)}&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt; is defined pixel-wise by the following scheme:&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;−&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;[[Image:CF_4.png|500px|center]]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;/ins&gt;[[Image:CF_4.png|500px|center]]&lt;ins class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;In crystallography, the support is usually not known &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;\textit{a~priori}&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;, and a dynamical support must be used, &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;\textit{i.e.}&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt; the support is newly defined in each iteration cycle based on predefined criterion.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;In crystallography, the support is usually not known &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;\textit{a~priori}&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;, and a dynamical support must be used, &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;\textit{i.e.}&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt; the support is newly defined in each iteration cycle based on predefined criterion.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>GervaisChapuis</name></author>	</entry>

	<entry>
		<id>https://dictionary.iucr.org/index.php?title=Hybrid_input-output_algorithm&amp;diff=3330&amp;oldid=prev</id>
		<title>GervaisChapuis at 13:52, 27 August 2013</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://dictionary.iucr.org/index.php?title=Hybrid_input-output_algorithm&amp;diff=3330&amp;oldid=prev"/>
				<updated>2013-08-27T13:52:43Z</updated>
		
		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;table class=&quot;diff diff-contentalign-left&quot; data-mw=&quot;interface&quot;&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-content&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-content&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;tr style=&quot;vertical-align: top;&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot;&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color:black; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;← Older revision&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color:black; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;Revision as of 13:52, 27 August 2013&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot; id=&quot;mw-diff-left-l1&quot; &gt;Line 1:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;Line 1:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;== Definition ==&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;An algorithm proposed by R. Fienup in 1982. The original application of the algorithm was the phase retrieval of diffraction patterns of non-periodic objects. However, the algorithm or its components have been used several times also in crystallography.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;An algorithm proposed by R. Fienup in 1982. The original application of the algorithm was the phase retrieval of diffraction patterns of non-periodic objects. However, the algorithm or its components have been used several times also in crystallography.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>GervaisChapuis</name></author>	</entry>

	<entry>
		<id>https://dictionary.iucr.org/index.php?title=Hybrid_input-output_algorithm&amp;diff=3324&amp;oldid=prev</id>
		<title>GervaisChapuis at 11:57, 27 August 2013</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://dictionary.iucr.org/index.php?title=Hybrid_input-output_algorithm&amp;diff=3324&amp;oldid=prev"/>
				<updated>2013-08-27T11:57:00Z</updated>
		
		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;table class=&quot;diff diff-contentalign-left&quot; data-mw=&quot;interface&quot;&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-content&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-content&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;tr style=&quot;vertical-align: top;&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot;&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color:black; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;← Older revision&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color:black; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;Revision as of 11:57, 27 August 2013&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot; id=&quot;mw-diff-left-l3&quot; &gt;Line 3:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;Line 3:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Be &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;\rho^{(n)}&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt; a trial scattering density in &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;n^{th}&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt; iteration cycle. Be &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;\rho'^{(n)}&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt; a density obtained from &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;\rho^{(n)}&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt; by Fourier-transforming &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;\rho^{(n)}&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;, replacing all Fourier amplitudes by the experimentally observed amplitudes, and applying inverse Fourier transform. Then the density &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;\rho^{(n+1)}&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt; is defined pixel-wise by the following scheme:&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Be &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;\rho^{(n)}&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt; a trial scattering density in &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;n^{th}&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt; iteration cycle. Be &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;\rho'^{(n)}&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt; a density obtained from &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;\rho^{(n)}&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt; by Fourier-transforming &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;\rho^{(n)}&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;, replacing all Fourier amplitudes by the experimentally observed amplitudes, and applying inverse Fourier transform. Then the density &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;\rho^{(n+1)}&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt; is defined pixel-wise by the following scheme:&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;−&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;[[Image:CF_4|&lt;del class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;600px&lt;/del&gt;|center]]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;[[Image:CF_4&lt;ins class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;.png&lt;/ins&gt;|&lt;ins class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;500px&lt;/ins&gt;|center]]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;In crystallography, the support is usually not known &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;\textit{a~priori}&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;, and a dynamical support must be used, &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;\textit{i.e.}&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt; the support is newly defined in each iteration cycle based on predefined criterion.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;In crystallography, the support is usually not known &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;\textit{a~priori}&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;, and a dynamical support must be used, &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;\textit{i.e.}&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt; the support is newly defined in each iteration cycle based on predefined criterion.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>GervaisChapuis</name></author>	</entry>

	<entry>
		<id>https://dictionary.iucr.org/index.php?title=Hybrid_input-output_algorithm&amp;diff=3323&amp;oldid=prev</id>
		<title>GervaisChapuis at 11:45, 27 August 2013</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://dictionary.iucr.org/index.php?title=Hybrid_input-output_algorithm&amp;diff=3323&amp;oldid=prev"/>
				<updated>2013-08-27T11:45:24Z</updated>
		
		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;table class=&quot;diff diff-contentalign-left&quot; data-mw=&quot;interface&quot;&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-content&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-content&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;tr style=&quot;vertical-align: top;&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot;&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color:black; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;← Older revision&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; color:black; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;Revision as of 11:45, 27 August 2013&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot; id=&quot;mw-diff-left-l3&quot; &gt;Line 3:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;Line 3:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Be &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;\rho^{(n)}&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt; a trial scattering density in &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;n^{th}&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt; iteration cycle. Be &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;\rho'^{(n)}&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt; a density obtained from &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;\rho^{(n)}&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt; by Fourier-transforming &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;\rho^{(n)}&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;, replacing all Fourier amplitudes by the experimentally observed amplitudes, and applying inverse Fourier transform. Then the density &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;\rho^{(n+1)}&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt; is defined pixel-wise by the following scheme:&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Be &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;\rho^{(n)}&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt; a trial scattering density in &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;n^{th}&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt; iteration cycle. Be &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;\rho'^{(n)}&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt; a density obtained from &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;\rho^{(n)}&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt; by Fourier-transforming &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;\rho^{(n)}&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;, replacing all Fourier amplitudes by the experimentally observed amplitudes, and applying inverse Fourier transform. Then the density &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;\rho^{(n+1)}&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt; is defined pixel-wise by the following scheme:&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;−&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;[[Image:CF_4&lt;del class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;.png&lt;/del&gt;]]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;[[Image:CF_4&lt;ins class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;|600px|center&lt;/ins&gt;]]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;In crystallography, the support is usually not known &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;\textit{a~priori}&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;, and a dynamical support must be used, &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;\textit{i.e.}&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt; the support is newly defined in each iteration cycle based on predefined criterion.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;In crystallography, the support is usually not known &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;\textit{a~priori}&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;, and a dynamical support must be used, &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;\textit{i.e.}&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt; the support is newly defined in each iteration cycle based on predefined criterion.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>GervaisChapuis</name></author>	</entry>

	<entry>
		<id>https://dictionary.iucr.org/index.php?title=Hybrid_input-output_algorithm&amp;diff=3322&amp;oldid=prev</id>
		<title>GervaisChapuis: Created page with &quot;An algorithm proposed by R. Fienup in 1982. The original application of the algorithm was the phase retrieval of diffraction patterns of non-periodic objects. However, the algori...&quot;</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://dictionary.iucr.org/index.php?title=Hybrid_input-output_algorithm&amp;diff=3322&amp;oldid=prev"/>
				<updated>2013-08-27T11:43:32Z</updated>
		
		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Created page with &amp;quot;An algorithm proposed by R. Fienup in 1982. The original application of the algorithm was the phase retrieval of diffraction patterns of non-periodic objects. However, the algori...&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;New page&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div&gt;An algorithm proposed by R. Fienup in 1982. The original application of the algorithm was the phase retrieval of diffraction patterns of non-periodic objects. However, the algorithm or its components have been used several times also in crystallography.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Be &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;\rho^{(n)}&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt; a trial scattering density in &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;n^{th}&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt; iteration cycle. Be &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;\rho'^{(n)}&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt; a density obtained from &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;\rho^{(n)}&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt; by Fourier-transforming &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;\rho^{(n)}&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;, replacing all Fourier amplitudes by the experimentally observed amplitudes, and applying inverse Fourier transform. Then the density &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;\rho^{(n+1)}&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt; is defined pixel-wise by the following scheme:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Image:CF_4.png]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In crystallography, the support is usually not known &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;\textit{a~priori}&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;, and a dynamical support must be used, &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;\textit{i.e.}&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt; the support is newly defined in each iteration cycle based on predefined criterion.&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>GervaisChapuis</name></author>	</entry>

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