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Difference between revisions of "Twin index"

From Online Dictionary of Crystallography

(references + history)
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= Twin index =
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== Definition ==
  
 
A [[twinning|twin]] operation overlaps both the direct and reciprocal lattices of the individuals that form a twin; consequently, the nodes of the individual lattices are overlapped (restored) to some extent ([[twinning (effects of)]]). The reciprocal ''n'' of the fraction 1/''n'' of (quasi)restored nodes is called ''twin index''
 
A [[twinning|twin]] operation overlaps both the direct and reciprocal lattices of the individuals that form a twin; consequently, the nodes of the individual lattices are overlapped (restored) to some extent ([[twinning (effects of)]]). The reciprocal ''n'' of the fraction 1/''n'' of (quasi)restored nodes is called ''twin index''
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where f depends on the [[direct lattice|lattice type]] and on the parities of ''X'', ''h'', ''k'', ''l'', ''u'', ''v'' and ''w'', as in the following table
 
where f depends on the [[direct lattice|lattice type]] and on the parities of ''X'', ''h'', ''k'', ''l'', ''u'', ''v'' and ''w'', as in the following table
  
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<center>
 
<table border="1" cellspacing="2" cellpadding="2">
 
<table border="1" cellspacing="2" cellpadding="2">
 
<tr>
 
<tr>
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</table>
 
</table>
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</center>
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== References ==
  
==References==
 
*Chapter 1.3 of ''International Tables of Crystallography, Volume C''
 
*Chapter 3.3 of ''International Tables of Crystallography, Volume D''
 
 
*Chapter 3.1.9 in ''International Tables for X-Ray Crystallography'' (1959)
 
*Chapter 3.1.9 in ''International Tables for X-Ray Crystallography'' (1959)
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==History==
 
==History==
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*Friedel, G. (1904). Étude sur les groupements cristallins. Extrait du Bullettin de la Société de l'Industrie minérale, Quatrième série, Tomes III e IV. Saint-Étienne, Société de l'imprimerie Thèolier J. Thomas et C., 485 pp.  
 
*Friedel, G. (1904). Étude sur les groupements cristallins. Extrait du Bullettin de la Société de l'Industrie minérale, Quatrième série, Tomes III e IV. Saint-Étienne, Société de l'imprimerie Thèolier J. Thomas et C., 485 pp.  
 
*Friedel, G. (1926). Leçons de Cristallographie. Berger-Levrault, Nancy, Paris, Strasbourg, XIX+602 pp.
 
*Friedel, G. (1926). Leçons de Cristallographie. Berger-Levrault, Nancy, Paris, Strasbourg, XIX+602 pp.
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== See also ==
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Chapter 1.3 of ''International Tables of Crystallography, Volume C''<br>
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Chapter 3.3 of ''International Tables of Crystallography, Volume D''<br>
  
 
[[Category:Fundamental crystallography]]
 
[[Category:Fundamental crystallography]]

Revision as of 16:41, 26 April 2006

Indice de macle (Fr). Indice di geminazione (It)


Definition

A twin operation overlaps both the direct and reciprocal lattices of the individuals that form a twin; consequently, the nodes of the individual lattices are overlapped (restored) to some extent (twinning (effects of)). The reciprocal n of the fraction 1/n of (quasi)restored nodes is called twin index

Let (hkl) be the twin plane and [uvw] the lattice direction (quasi)-normal to it. alternatively, let [uvw] be the twin axis and (hkl) the lattice plane (quasi)-normal to it. The twin index is then:

n = X/f, X = |uh+vk+wl|

where f depends on the lattice type and on the parities of X, h, k, l, u, v and w, as in the following table

</tr>

</tr>

Lattice typecondition on hklcondition on uvwcondition on Xn
PnonenoneX oddn = X
X evenn = X/2
Ch+k oddnonenonen = X
h+k evenu+v and w not both evenX oddn = X
X evenn = X/2
u+v and w both evenX/2 oddn = X/2
X/2 evenn = X/4
Bh+l oddnonenonen = X
h+l evenu+w and v not both evenX oddn = X
X evenn = X/2
u+w and v both evenX/2 oddn = X/2
X/2 evenn = X/4
Ak+l oddnonenonen = X
k+l evenv+w and u not both evenX oddn = X
X evenn = X/2
v+w and u both evenX/2 oddn = X/2
X/2 evenn = X/4
Ih+k+l oddnonenonen = X
h+k+l evenu, v and w not all oddX oddn = X
X evenn = X/2
u, v and w all oddX/2 oddn = X/2
X/2 evenn = X/4
Fnoneu+v+w oddnonen = X
h, k, l not all oddu+v+w evenX oddn = X
X evenn = X/2
h, k, l all oddu+v+w evenX/2 oddn = X/2
X/2 evenn = X/4

</center>

References

  • Chapter 3.1.9 in International Tables for X-Ray Crystallography (1959)


History

  • Friedel, G. (1904). Étude sur les groupements cristallins. Extrait du Bullettin de la Société de l'Industrie minérale, Quatrième série, Tomes III e IV. Saint-Étienne, Société de l'imprimerie Thèolier J. Thomas et C., 485 pp.
  • Friedel, G. (1926). Leçons de Cristallographie. Berger-Levrault, Nancy, Paris, Strasbourg, XIX+602 pp.

See also

Chapter 1.3 of International Tables of Crystallography, Volume C
Chapter 3.3 of International Tables of Crystallography, Volume D